ʻO ka Hypovitaminosis a me ka avitaminosis C (scurvy), ka diathesis koko o nā ʻano kumu like ʻole, ke kākoʻo ʻana i ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi lele a me nā maʻi hoʻomake, ka hoʻōla hou ʻana, ka lāʻau make (me nā mea ʻawahia bacteria, alimentary), ka lāʻau make iatrogenic (me nā pūhui arsenic, sulfonamides, barbiturates, etc.), ka sterility hana i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka avitaminosis C, ka mālama ʻana i ke kaumaha, i ka hihia o ka anemia mua a me ka lua.
Mai hoʻohana ʻia inā he hypersensitivity i nā macrolide antibiotics a i ʻole kekahi o nā excipients o ka lāʻau.
Mai hoʻohana i ka manawa like me nā macrolides a i ʻole lincosamides ʻē aʻe.
Pono e lawelawe ʻia ka huahana ma ke ʻano he intramuscular, subcutaneous, a i ʻole ka injection intravenous lohi.
E lawelawe ʻia i hoʻokahi manawa i ka lā ma nā mahele o 10 - 20 ml i nā lio a me nā bipi; 5 - 10 ml i nā puaʻa; a me 1 - 5 ml i nā ʻīlio.
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka mālama ʻana he mau lā, ma muli o ka loiloi a ke kauka holoholona.
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E mālama ma kahi maloʻo ma lalo o 30°C, a pale mai ka mālamalama.