Kāohi ʻo Niclosamide Bolus i ka phosphorylation i ka mitochondria o nā cestodes.Ma ka vitro a me ka vivo, ua pepehi ʻia ka scolex a me nā ʻāpana proximal i ka hoʻopili ʻana me ka lāʻau lapaʻau.Hiki ke ʻeli ʻia ka scolex i wehe ʻia i loko o ka ʻōpū;no laila, hiki ʻole ke ʻike i ka scolex i loko o nā feces.ʻO Niclosamide Bolus he taenicidal i ka hana a hoʻopau i nā ʻāpana wale nō akā ʻo ka scolex.
ʻO ka hana ʻo Niclosamide Bolus e kūʻē i nā ilo ma muli o ke kāohi ʻana o ka mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation;Hoʻopilikia pū ʻia ka hana anaerobic ATP.
ʻO ka hana cestocidal o Niclosamide Bolus ma muli o ka pale ʻana i ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka glucose e ka tapeworm a me ka wehe ʻana o ke kaʻina phosphorylation oxidative i ka mitochondria o nā cestodes.ʻO ka ʻakika lactic i hōʻiliʻili ʻia ma muli o ka pale ʻana i ka pōʻai Krebs e pepehi i nā ilo.
Hōʻike ʻia ʻo Niclosamide Bolus i ka tapeworm infestation o nā holoholona, nā moa, nā ʻīlio a me nā pōpoki a me nā paramphistomiasis ʻoi ʻole o ka pipi, hipa a me nā kao.
Pipi, hipa kao a me nā dia: Moniezia Species Thysanosoma (Fringed Tape worms)
ʻīlio: Dipylidium Caninum, Taenia Pisiformis T. hydatigena a me T. taeniaeformis.
Lio: Nā maʻi anoplocephalid
Ka moa: Raillietina a me Davainea
Amphistomiasis: (Paramphistomes Immature)
I nā pipi a me nā hipa, he mea maʻamau ka Rumen flukes (Paramphistomum species).ʻOiai he mea liʻiliʻi paha nā flukes makua i hoʻopili ʻia i ka paia rumen, ʻo nā mea ʻoi ʻole he pathogen koʻikoʻi ke kumu o ka pōʻino nui a me ka make ʻana i ka neʻe ʻana i ka paia duodenal.
ʻO nā holoholona e hōʻike ana i nā hōʻailona o ka anorexia koʻikoʻi, hoʻonui i ka inu ʻana i ka wai, a me ka maʻi fetid wai e manaʻo ʻia no ka amphistomiasis a mālama koke ʻia me Niclosamide Bolus i mea e pale ai i ka make a me ka nalowale o ka hana ʻana mai ka hāʻawi ʻana o Niclosamide Bolus i ka hopena kiʻekiʻe loa i nā flukes ʻoi loa.
Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia bolus uncoated:
Niclosamide IP 1.0 gm
ʻO Nicosamide Bolus i ka hānai a i ʻole ia.
Pipi, Hipa a me Lio: 1 gm bolus no 20 kg paona kino
ʻīlio a me nā pōpoki: 1 gm bolus no 10 kg paona kino
Ka moa: 1 gm bolus no 5 manu makua
(Ma kahi o 175 mg no ke kaumaha o ke kino)
Pipi a hipa:ʻOi aku ke kiʻekiʻe ma ka helu o 1.0 gm bolus / 10 kg paona kino.
Palekana:Loaʻa iā Nicosamide bolus kahi ākea ākea o ka palekana.ʻO ka overdosing o Niclosamide a hiki i 40 mau manawa i nā hipa a me nā pipi i ʻike ʻia he mea ʻawaʻawa ʻole.I loko o nā ʻīlio a me nā pōpoki, ʻelua mau mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ʻaʻohe hopena ʻino koe wale nō ka palupalu o nā feces.Hiki ke hoʻohana palekana ʻia ʻo Nicosamide bolus i nā manawa āpau o ka hāpai ʻana a me nā mea nāwaliwali me ka ʻole o nā hopena ʻino.